Vascular birthmarks are benign (non-cancerous) skin markings that appear at birth or within a few weeks after birth. Moreover, they result from the abnormal formation or growth of blood vessels in the skin. Additionally, these birthmarks vary in size, shape, and color, depending on their type and depth. Furthermore, while some may fade over time, others might persist and require medical attention.
vascular BIRTHMARKS
Types
Hemangiomas
These raised vascular birthmarks develop within a week or two after birth. Initially, they may appear as a flat red mark but rapidly grow in size. Moreover, they can be superficial (on the skin’s surface), deep (below the skin), or a combination of both.
Treatment
Observation
Many hemangiomas shrink on their own over time.
Laser therapy
Can be used to reduce the size or color.
Medications
Propranolol and oral corticosteroids can be prescribed for rapid-growing hemangiomas to decrease their size.
Surgery
Rarely, large or problematic hemangiomas may require surgical removal.
Port-wine Stains
These are flat, pink, red, or purple marks that appear at birth. They typically persist throughout life and can appear anywhere on the body, often on the face.
Treatment
Laser therapy
Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is commonly used to lighten the stain and make it less noticeable. Several treatments might be required.
Cosmetic makeup
For milder stains or as an adjunct to laser therapy.
Salmon Patches (Stork Bites)
These are flat, pink patches that often appear on the nape of a newborn’s neck, eyelids, or between the eyes. In fact, they are the most common type of vascular birthmark.
Treatment
Typically, no treatment is needed since many salmon patches fade as the child grows. However, those on the back of the neck may persist but are often covered by hair.
Observation
Because many vascular birthmarks (especially certain hemangiomas) fade or disappear with age, the first step is often observation without active intervention.
Surgery
In rare cases where the birthmark is causing functional issues or other complications, surgical removal might be considered.
Medications
Beta-blockers like propranolol are now commonly used to reduce the size and appearance of hemangiomas. Similarly, corticosteroids can be applied topically, taken orally, or injected into the birthmark to help shrink it. Moreover, these treatments are often effective in managing growth and minimizing potential complications. Additionally, early intervention can improve outcomes and prevent further enlargement.
Camouflage Cosmetics
Special makeup can be used to cover and reduce the appearance of the birthmark, especially for port-wine stains.
Laser Therapy
Pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment is beneficial for treating port-wine stains. The laser light is absorbed by the blood vessels, causing them to break down. Multiple sessions are usually needed.
Camouflage Cosmetics
Special makeup can be used to cover and reduce the appearance of the birthmark, especially for port-wine stains.
Before choosing a treatment, it’s essential to consult with a pediatric dermatologist who can advise on the best approach based on the child’s specific birthmark type and characteristics. Regular check-ups might be necessary, especially if the birthmark is large or in a sensitive area.